In Java, substring() is a static method of the StringUtils class that returns the string between the given start and end index. Negative start and end index positions can be used to specify offsets relative to the end of the string.
StringUtilsStringUtils can be found in the Apache Commons Lang package, which we can add to the Maven project by adding the following dependency to the pom.xml file.
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
Note: For other versions of the
commons-langpackage, refer to the Maven Repository.
We can import the StringUtils class as follows:
import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
public static String substring(final String str, int start, int end)
str: This is the given string from which the substring has to be extracted.start: This is the starting index.end: This is the ending index.This method returns a substring.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>org.example</groupId>
<artifactId>test</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<properties>
<maven.compiler.source>8</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>8</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
<version>3.12.0</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<plugins>
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.1</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>package</phase>
<goals>
<goal>shade</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<transformers>
<transformer
implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">
<mainClass>Main</mainClass>
</transformer>
</transformers>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</build>
</project>The Maven dependency for StringUtils is included in the pom.xml file:
Main.java
StringUtils class.text.start.end.start and end is retrieved by invoking the substring() method.end.start and end is retrieved by invoking the substring() method. As end is a negative value, the end offset is relative to the end of the string.