The **`log()` function** in Ruby calculates the logarithm of a number to the base, or calculates the natural logarithm of a number if the user does not specify the base. 

Figure 1 shows the mathematical representation of the `log()` function.

# Syntax
```ruby
log(number, base)
```
# Parameter
This function requires two parameters:
- A #key# number :which must be greater than 0 #key# for which logarithm is to be calculated.
- The `base` of the #key# logarithm: a number #key# (which must be greater than one) is an *optional parameter*.


# Return value
`log()` returns the logarithm of a number to the base sent as a parameter.
> The `log()` function calculates the natural logarithm of a number if the base is not provided, i.e., `log(y,e)`.

# Example

#number without base
print "log(10) : ", Math.log(10), "\n"

#number with base
print "log(3,3) : ", Math.log(3,3), "\n"

#errors 

#base is 0 and number is 0
print "log(0,0) : ", Math.log(0,0), "\n"

#base is 0
print "log(3,0) : ", Math.log(3,0), "\n"

#number is 0
print "log(0) : ", Math.log(0), "\n"

What is Math.log() in Ruby?

Calculates the natural logarithm of a number or the logarithm to a specified base in Ruby.