**Functional programming** is a programming paradigm where the focus is on changing data through small expressions that don’t have side effects. 

In other words, when multiples calls to any function occur with the same arguments, the result will always be the same. This is because the functions don’t depend on a local or global state, which produces different results depending on the state.

Functional programming is based on:

### First class functions

Functions that can be treated like regular variables. Such functions can be passed as arguments to other functions, can be returned by other functions, and can be assigned as values to a variable.


var foo = function(){
  return "Edpressos are fun!";
}

function Edpresso(greeting){
   console.log("Educative's " + greeting());
}

Edpresso(foo);

### Higher order functions

Functions that return other functions are called higher order functions.

# Data immutability

Data cannot be modified after creation in functional programming. So for example, an object 'n' with the value of 5 will always have the value of 5.

# Lazy evaluation

The evaluation of an expression in functional programming is delayed until the value is needed.


// Not lazy
var sum = 1 + 1;
// Evaluates 1 + 1 immediately

// Lazy
const lazySum = () => 1 + 1;
// Evaluates 1 + 1 upon invocation

### Recursion

Most functional code is written with recursion instead of for-loops. In fact, some functional languages don’t even support for-loops!


### Pure functions 

Pure functions are functions whose return values are solely determined by the function's inputs.


What is functional programming?

Functional programming focuses on immutability, pure functions, recursion, and first-class, higher-order functions with no side effects.