**FORTRAN** was the first programming language, developed by John W. Backus in 1957. There are six basic data types in FORTRAN: 
- Integer 
- Real
- Complex
- Character
- Logical
- Double Precision. 




# Categories
These data types are further categorized into two types.
1. Numeric data types: Integer, Real, Complex, and Double Precision
2. Non-numeric data types: Character and Logical




# 1. Numeric data types

- #### `Integer`
**Integers** are the discrete and exact numbers; they range from -2x10^9 to 2x10^9 on a 32-bit machine. Integers can have an optional sign in them. The basic operations that can be performed on integers are addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and exponentiation. 

Examples of integers are 3, 0, 25, -6, etc.



# Declare integer
    integer :: number 

# Assign value to integer
    number = 4000  

# Print number (On execution, it will print: 4000)
    Print *, number

- #### `Real`
The **`real`** data type represents the real numbers that are used to measure quantities. Real numbers have a mandatory decimal point and an optional sign in them. 

They range from -10^77 to 10^77. Just like integers, we can perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, and exponentiation on real numbers too. 

Some examples of real numbers are 0.3, 7.08, 6.02x10E23, etc.



# Declare real number
    real :: div 

# Assign value to real number
    div = 147.47 

# Print div (On execution, it will print: 147.470001)
    Print *, div

- #### `Complex`
The **`complex`** data type stores complex numbers that have a real and imaginary part. 

For example, the `complex number` 4.0-7.0i is represented as `(4.0, -7.0)` in FORTRAN.







# Declare complex number
    complex :: complexValue 

# Assign value to complex number
    complexValue = (2.0, 5.0)

# Print complexValue (On execution, it will print: (2.00000000,5.00000000))
    Print *, complexValue

- #### `Double precision`
The **`double precision`** data type is similar to real numbers, but has greater precision. It has an accuracy of up to 14 digits. The same mathematical operations of integers and real numbers can be performed on the `double precision` data type. 

Some examples include `1.3D+2`, `1D-02`, etc. Here, `D` represents the exponent, as `E` does in real numbers.


# Declare double precision number
    double precision :: dub

# Assign value to double precision number
    dub = 7777.77777

# Print dub (On execution, it will print: 7777.7778320312500)
    Print *, dub

# 2. Non-numeric data types

- #### `Character`
The **`character`** data type shows #key# a sequence of one or more characters :a string #key# surrounded by a pair of single quotes. 

Some examples are: ‘Welcome to Educative’, ‘1234A7’, etc. To show a single quote in `character` data type, two single quotes are placed together, e.g, `‘Educative’’s courses’`  will be printed as `Educative’s courses`. 




# Declare character
    character(len=40) :: welcomeMessage 

# Assign value to character
    welcomeMessage = "Welcome to educative"

# Print welcomeMessage (On execution, it will print: Welcome to educative)
    Print *, welcomeMessage

- #### `Logical`
The **`logical`** data type shows two possible states, `true` and `false` only. Logical `AND`, `OR`, and `NOT` operations can result in this data type. 


# Declare logical
    logical :: check 

# Assign value to logical
    check = .true.

# Print check (On execution, it will print: T)
    Print *, check

What are the data types in FORTRAN?

Developed in 1957, FORTRAN's six basic data types include Integer, Real, Complex, Character, Logical, and Double Precision. Numeric and non-numeric categories.