File handling is a very important concept in the world of computer science.  Files are a type of portable storage used to store any type of data. Before a programmer applies any algorithm on a particular file, they need to open that file using the `fopen()` command. 

# Syntax 
Only two parameters are passed into the `fopen()` function:
* Name of the file
* File permissions

```
$file = fopen("filename.txt", "r");
```



# File permissions
* **r** = Reads a file if it exists.
* **w** = Writes in an existing file.
* **r+** = Reads a file for input and output; the file must exist.
* **w+** = Creates files and opens them for both input and output.

# Code
The following code opens a file and writes "Educative!" in it. 

<?php
$file = fopen("filename.txt", "w+");
$company = "Educative!\n";
fwrite($file, $company);
fclose($file);
?>

fopen() in PHP

File handling in PHP involves using fopen() with filename and permissions to read/write files.